Essay about Psychosocial Examination in Schizophrenia

Psychosocial Examination in Schizophrenia Abstract This research paper examines the cinematic biographical adaptation of musical child prodigy David Helfgott. The paper will examine Helfgott during the following four stages of psychosocial development based on the psychosocial theory of Erik Erikson: Middle childhood (6-12), Early adolescence (12-18), Later adolescence (18-24) and Middle adulthood (34-60). Erik Erikson was a psychoanalyst who described development as a series of eight psychosocial stages. At each stage there are development tasks to master and a central conflict that the individual can resolve positively or negatively. The nature of the task mastered and the conflict resolution depends largely on the individuals†¦show more content†¦Helfgott ¡Ã‚ ¦s prime adapt ego quality of competence reference a general belief in one ¡Ã‚ ¦s ability to get the job done Helfgott does not get the job done. Helfgott ¡Ã‚ ¦s core pathology of inertia, which references a paralysis of thought, and action that prevents produc tive work Helfgott appears to be passive. He is alone by the events that occur around him. Helfgott appears to be a normal but he is actually being sustained by his father and music teacher who place energy, enthusiasm or confidence inside of him to take action. Adolescence: Identity versus Role Confusion During adolescence, we ask ourselves, Who am I? Who do I want to be? Answering these questions involves integrating the healthy resolution of all earlier stages. Adolescents must explore, test limits, become autonomous from parents, and commit to an identity, or sense of self. One can only establish an identity after trying out various roles, behaviors, and ideologies. Failure to achieve a sense of identity results in role confusion, an inability to make decisions and choices about vocation, sexual orientation, and ones role in life. Helfgott ¡Ã‚ ¦s stature in relation to his age appears normal his complexion pale, his face young-looking for chronological age. His facial expressions appear quizzical with a sheepish grin his eyes darting and hair style unremarkable. Helfgott formal operations appeared to be developing based off his musicalShow MoreRelatedSymptoms And Treatment Of Schizophrenia1058 Words   |  5 PagesSchizophrenia is defined as â€Å"a brain disorder that affects the way a person behaves, thinks, and sees the world.†(Melinda Smith, Jeanne Segal). Schizophrenia is treatable but incurable, and is present in one percent of the general population. Some people with schizophrenia can function normally without the help of medicines, while others must rely on medications. The disorder can also get so severe that an individual may need to be hospitalized or worse. The measures needed to treat schizophreniaRead MoreTreatments For Schizophrenia And Its Effects On Society1028 Words   |  5 Pages Treatments for Schizophrenia M. Arah Enoh Southwestern Oklahoma State University Schizophrenia is a chronic, severe brain disorder which causes people to have odd thoughts, disturbed emotions and motor abnormalities (Carpenter, 2015). It is usually followed by psychosis, disconnecting from reality. People sometimes hear thoughts; some may think others are plotting against them. Even though individuals with schizophrenia have split personalities, it does not mean they are violent orRead MoreSymptoms And Treatments Of Early Onset Psychosis868 Words   |  4 PagesEarly onset psychosis is defined as psychotic symptoms within a psychiatric disorder such as schizophrenia, bipolar, or other psychoses, appearing in an individual before the age of 18 years old. 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This paper will present an out of hospital case study and compareRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Schizophrenia1384 Words   |  6 Pagesunusual thought processes and emotions and is defined by mood disorder-free psychosis in the context of a long-term psychotic and mood disorder (Schizoaffective Disorder, 2014b). The diagnosis is made when the individual has characteristics of both schizophrenia and a mood disorder, either bipolar disorder or depression, but does not meet diagnostic criteria for either alone (Schizoaffective Disorder, 2015d). The bipolar type is classified by indications of mania, hypomania, or mixed episode and the depressiveRead MoreCOPD Case Study1062 Words   |  5 Pages(Grossman Porth, 2014). Room 582 was very confused on Friday, and that could be a result from having low electrolytes, such as, sodium, which usually causes confusion if is too low. 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Culture And Culture Organizational Culture Essay

‘People are in most cases unaware of their own culture until they experience another culture and have to make changes to their own. Although the word culture is used on a frequent basis, it is still hard to define culture as it is interdisciplinary in nature. Generally, culture is looked at in terms of the differences in rituals, values, beliefs and norms in a particular country or place. The Oxford dictionary (2007) defines culture as â€Å"the customs, civilizations, and achievements of a particular time or people. Over the years, culture has been looked at in different ways. One such approach to culture is organizational culture. The behaviour of the employees and through this the external image of the organization is determined by the organization’s culture (Bratianu, Vasilache, Jianu, 2006). Organizations have increasingly started to focus on the unique culture innate to them, trying to find ways to gain a competitive edge over others. There is no single widely a ccepted definition of organizational culture although one commonly known definition by Lundy Cowling (1996) is that organizational culture is â€Å"the way we do things around here†. In other words, the culture of an organization can be understood through the values, beliefs and norms shared by the organization as a whole. Therefore through an understanding of the culture, managers should be able to determine a general trend on how employees of an organization think and behave in tandem with the organizationalShow MoreRelatedOrganizational Culture and the Development of Organizational Culture3429 Words   |  14 PagesORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE 1. INTRODUCTION One of the significant elements while discussing about organization development is to discuss its own existing culture as the culture itself is part of organization behavior that gives significant role in shaping organizational sustainability. 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(Education Portal) has defined organisational culture as ‘a system of shared assumptionsRead MoreOrganizational culture1263 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Organization culture comprises the deep, basic assumptions and beliefs, as well as the shared values that define organization membership, as well as the member’s habitual ways of making decisions, and presenting themselves, and their organization to those who come in contact with it.† Clegg, Kornberger and Pitsis, 2008 The dictionary definition of a culture is â€Å"the ideas, customs, and social behaviour of a particular group of people or a society†. An organisation is made up of individuals andRead MoreORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE1123 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE Culture consists of beliefs and behavior. It is cultivated behavior in the sense that it is learnt from the other members of the society. 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What managers can do to shape culture and also an example of when culture has in fact been changed. Organisational culture can be acknowledged as the organisations personality; which is also referred to as corporate culture. Organisational culture is defined as the process of how things are dealt with within an organisation on a daily basis, affecting the employees and how they work

The Themes of Robert Frosts Poetry Free Essays

The main themes of Robert frosts poetry are: Nature and mans interaction with it. Also real people and real struggle; the deeper meanings of everyday life. For this essay I will discuss ‘mending wall’, ‘the road not taken’, ‘out, out-‘ and ‘provide, provide’. We will write a custom essay sample on The Themes of Robert Frosts Poetry or any similar topic only for you Order Now Mending wall is about a stone wall separating the speaker’s property from his neighbour’s. In spring, the two meet to walk the wall and make any necessary repairs. The speaker sees no reason for the wall to be kept as there are no livestock to contain. This wall building act seems to have ancient roots. It involves spells to stop the elves or whoever from breaking the wall. The neighbor appears a stone-age savage while hoisting and re-building the wall. This poem deals with nature and peoples interactions with it. By keeping the wall in good condition they are keeping their land and also their relationship healthy. The road not taken, in this the speaker stands in the woods, considering a fork in the road. Both ways are equally worn and overlaid with untrodden leaves. The speaker chooses one telling himself he’ll choose the other another day . et he knows it is unlikely that he will have the opportuninty. This fork in the road which shows two paths symbolises free will and fate; we are free to choose, but we do not really know what we are choosing between. This is a real decision real people make in everyday life. In outout frosts decpicts the abrupt death of a young boy whose hand was cut off during an accident with a buzz saw. The boys begs his sister not to allow the docto r to amputate his hand but inwardly realises he has lost too much blood. The boy dies under anesthesia and everyone goes abck to work. Frost seems to be sayong there was no real need for the boys death and the adults are to bkame in thos situation. Hpwever frost knows death is a part of life. This poem nderlines the inevitability of death and the futitily of life. Provide provide is a reminder that life can be harsh and unforgiving. Frost wrote this poem in hos early sixties and was probably feeling like life was catching up on him. He was beginning to feel his age. Frosts talks about the facts of getting oler, for example beauty fades and we should enjoy our fifteen minutes of fame because they won’t last . he also offers some advice; make sure you die early so people remember you as young, but if you aren’t lucky enough to die young make a lot of money so you can live and die in comfort. When the time comes to die make sure you surround your self with friends you either made or bought, don’t die alone. The last two lines are also the title reminding us to provide for our old age because no one else will. This poem features heavily on regret. Frost regrets that he spent too much time living in the present and didn’t put anything aside for hos later years, he seems quite bitter about this. This poem is also about mortality and the face that old, and subsequently death, happens to everyone. Robert frost deals with life issues in his poetry. He writes openly about his opinions on life and death. These topics affect us all and therefore we can relate to them. How to cite The Themes of Robert Frosts Poetry, Papers

Business Legal Relationship Business Presumptions

Question: Describe about the Business Legal Relationship for Business Presumptions. Answer: 1. There are various elements of a contract that must be present in the contract for it to be legally bound the parties and be enforceable. Of particular significance to this discussion will the intention to create a legal relationship or to be legally bound. The question that is at task now is whether the arrangement between Richard and his father is legally enforceable and to be specific whether the two parties possessed the requisite intention to be legally bound. From the common law perspective it has been regarded that the parties must have a meeting of the mind for the contract to be enforceable, which can be interpreted to imply that the parties must have an intention to be bound when entering into a contract. It is apt that we underscore the fact that the relationship between Richard and his father was a family relationship. The test for determining the intention of the parties was hitherto, determined by the rebuttable presumptions that an intention to create a legal relationship existed between the parties. In family and social agreements such as the one before us now, promises even if they were breached, the rebuttable presumption was that they were not legally enforceable in court as was held in Jones v Padavatton, (1969). The case of Wakeling v Ripley (1951) is a perfect epitome of the matter between Richard and his father and application of the presumptions. In this case Mr. Ripley promised his sister and brother in law that he will let them live in his house without paying rent and eventually leave for them the house if they came to take care of him. The two agreed but contrary to their expectations Mr. Ripley did not honor this arrangement. In this case there was sufficient eviden ce to rebut the presumption that an intention did not exist. From the foregoing, it is apparent that the position is that if the clamant party can show that they suffered a detriment as a result or reliance on the promise then the presumptions is rebutted. It thus follows that if Richard can show that he relied on the promises made by his father and thus suffered a detriment as a consequence then the presumption that an intention did not exist between the two family colleagues is rebutted. Conversely, the presumption that the intention does exist will not apply where a family agreement is one of a commercial in nature (Roufos v Brewster, 1971). It is thus advised to Richard that of he can show that there was a commercial agreement between him and his father then the presumptions will not apply as an intention will be automatically construed from the commercial nature of the agreement. A more modern approach to the precept of intention to create legal relationship has been developed by various precedents. The use of rebuttable presumptions to determine an intention seems to have been extinguished and replaced by an objective test. It has thus been stated that the test should be whether reasonable persons will infer that an intention existed from the agreement (Edmonds v Lawson, 2000). The court will thus determine whether in the Richards case reasonable persons who could be parties to the contract could infer that there was intention to be legally bound. The objective test has been successfully applied in Soulsbury v Soulsbury (2007) where the court held that, where a spouse agreed to forego payment of maintenance to the expense that the other party will bequeath her property in his will, the requisite intention to be legally bound existed between the two. In Gray v Gray (2004) Young CJ and Bryson JJA found a loan agreement between a mother and son to be legally binding. They refused to apply the presumptions contending that a proper assessment should be made on every peculiar state of affairs and the context in which the parties are dealing with each other, whether by applying the foregoing the court will evince an intention to be legally bound. A more persuasive position was reached in Ashton v Pratt (2012) where the court held that one should have into consideration the subject matter of the agreement, the personal relationship of the parties that existed when they were entering into the agreement and all other surrounding circumstances, to determine the intention of the parties. The has court further stated in Tadrous v Tadrous (2010) that the only fair and just path to follow which is also the safest way, as has been argued, is through an objective examination of the actual circumstances and context of the parties and later from such an examination one can deduce whether there was an intention to be legally bound or whether the agreement was merely a sincere agreement which reflected love and trust between the parties but was legally insufficient. Applying the object examination in Richards case will help show that indeed Richard relied on the promise that his father gave him and undertook the work which the father previously paid the contractor for. It can be conceded that from the above arguments and taking all facets of the case involving Richard and his father into perspective, there was an intention to be legally bound between the two parties and it is thus advised that Richard can enforce the agreement. The overwhelming evidence submitted by this solution shows that the rebuttable presumptions have since lost meaning and if in determining Richards case an objective test is undertaken, then the plausible conclusion will be that an intention existed. The above submissions have dissected the precept of Intention to be legally bound, showing Richard the various key dimensions and facets that will be involved so as his claim may not only succeed but the outcome will be fair, just and reasonable. 2. It is a general principle in contract law that once a person who has the capacity to enter into contract appends his or her signature on the agreement it is deemed that they have read and understood the terms of the agreement and therefore they bound by the agreement regardless of whether or not they actually read the contract. Once this contract is breached, the other party can bring an action for breach of contract and the will thus ask the court to be awarded remedies. Joe has entered into an agreement on the condition that for five years he will not act for any other film company apart from the one that he is currently signed to. Joe breaches the agreement and decides that he will act for another company a year after singing his first contract. Joe will be held in breach of the contract and the law that will apply here is Contract law Remedies that will be available for the fist company that Joe signed a contract with and breached. The following remedies will thus be available to Frere Bros. An application for an injunction can be made to the court where an injunction is regarded as an order by the court prohibiting the continuation of a certain act. An injunction could be either mandatory or prohibitory. Prohibitory injunction is the most common type of injunction that is granted by the courts and it is granted by the court so that a party can refrain from preforming an act that amounts to a breach of contract. This is an equitable remedy that rests on the discretion of the court (Page One Records v Britton, 1968). It has been held that an injunction will not be granted where it is meant to compel or to order to refrain from something that that is incapable of performance. In Lumley v Wagner (1852) an injunction was granted by the court to prevent a singer from performing at another concert for three months. It thus follows that Frere Bros can apply for an injunction that will serve to order Joe to desist and refrain from engaging in the other contract and acting for the other film company. The injunction may be successful because Joes already has an existing contract with Frere Bros that he willingly signed to. On the hand specific performance is another equitable remedy that is available to a breach of contract law. Specific performance is where the court orders someone who has breached a contract to continue with the performance of the contract in the manner that is stipulated in the contract. It is imperative to note, the courts in most instances would wish to compel someone to perform act that from the outset he or she does not wish to continue to perform. It is thus submitted that an order of specific performance will be granted where a monetary compensation will not be sufficient. It can be concluded that Frere Bros can apply to the court for an order of specific performance against Joe, since it may be discovered that monetary compensation will be insufficient because either Joe is unable to pay, or the amount of money that they are to gain pursuant to the contract is much more than that which can be awarded by the court as compensation. To this extent, Joe will be compelled by the court to uphold is earlier contract not enter in another contract for the five years he will be acting for Frere Bros. Damages is also a remedy for a breach of contract where they are compensatory in nature to restore the claimant who is the innocent party back to the position they were in had the breach not occurred. It has been held in Hadley v. Baxendale (1854) that damages must arise as a result of the breach of the contract or as a result of that which the parties had in contemplation will amount to a breach at the time of making the contract. It is submitted that Frere may apply for the remedy of General damages which may be as a consequence of the breach by Joe. If Frere may have paid any amount to Joe, the courts will only allow Joe to benefit to the extent that he worked for. Any excess payments that may have been made in the belief that Joe will honor the contract for the agreed five years may be recovered by Frere in form of general damages. Nominal damages on the other hand are awarded where on the face of it there has been a breach of the contract but there has been no actual financial loss by the innocent party. In this case the court awards damages fro punitive purposes for the legal wrong of breach of the contract. It thus advised to Frere Bros that if they have not suffered any actual financial loss they can pray that the court exercise its discretion and make an award of the nominal damages which will act as a civil punishment for the legal wrong of breaching the contract. In conclusion, a breach of the contract could also lead to the remedy of discharge which is not a remedy in the strict legal sense. Pursuant to the fact that there may be no award of damages or any other equitable remedy the innocent party may apply to the court for that they be discharged from responsibilities in the contract. Thus Frere Bros, If it comes to their attention that they will not suffer any financial loss or the court may not make any award to them, they may apply to the court to discharge their obligations in the contract and this will act to prevent Joe from later enforcing the contract which he had actually breached. References Ashton v Pratt [2012] NSWSC 3 Edmonds v Lawson [2000] EWCA Civ 69 Gray v Gray [2004] NSWCA 408 Hadley v Baxendale [1854] EWHC Exch J70 Jones v Padavatton [1969] 2 All ER 616 Lumley v Wagner [1852] EWHC (Ch) J96 Page One Records v Britton [1968] 1 WLR 157 Roufos v Brewster [1971] 2 SASR 218 Soulsbury v Soulsbury [2007] EWCA Civ 938 Tadrous v Tadrous [2010] NSWSC 1388 Wakeling v Ripley (1951) 51 SR (NSW) 183